From Marfa Public Radio:
The dream of a unified North American electricity grid could not have been contemplated until Mexico’s electricity market was opened to foreign companies in 2014. Today, larger volumes of electricity are flowing in both directions across the Mexico-United States border.
The United States and Canada have long-established interconnections, and proponents of a unified grid are heralding Mexico’s nascent energy reform as a potential pathway to seamless transmission between the three North American nations.
There are currently 11 sets of transmission lines straddling the Mexico-U.S. border. Mexico’s senior energy decision makers and industry executives are working with American counterparts to expand that footprint.
Mexican politicians who support energy openness say that Mexico’s energy reform will usher in interconnections with the U.S. on a far grander scale. Consumers in both countries stand to benefit because higher volumes of electricity should push prices down.
The person in charge of helping foreign electricity companies navigate in Mexico is an American, Chicago-born Jeff Pavlovic is Managing Director of Electric Industry Coordination at SENER – Mexico’s energy secretariat. He helps companies navigate Mexico’s new electricity market. American companies such as Sempra Energy and Intergen are invested in Mexico’s electricity market and other major foreign players such as Iberdrola of Spain are generating wind power to produce electricity.
Pavlovic believes successful electricity reform will benefit Mexico’s social development. The cost of electricity for Mexican residential and business consumers is among the highest in the hemisphere, on average 25 per cent higher than in the U.S.
“You have more need to diversify your sources,” Pavlovic says. “And that makes trade in electricity more valuable, more important.”
That cross-border trade today includes the Frontera combined cycle plant in Mission, Texas. It sends 100 per cent the electricity it generates to Mexico. It is owned by New York-based private equity firm Blackstone. On the west coast, San Diego-based Sempra Energy is bringing in wind-generated electricity for the California grid from Baja California.
Mexican Energy Undersecretary César Hernández Ochoa says these are but two examples of what he hopes will become a more robust trade in electricity. He is now focused on upgrading electricity exchanges between Arizona and the Mexican state of Sonora.
“This year we are starting to build a stronger interconnection between Nogales, Sonora and Nogales, Arizona,” he says. “In a more efficient world, we would see that happening all across the border.”
The cost of making electricity in the U.S. has fallen over the past 12 months – while in Mexico, electric power is expensive and often unreliable. Most power plants here are fired by coal and fuel oil, and they’re more costly to run. On average, residential electricity rates for Mexicans are 25 percent higher than in the U.S. That gives U.S. electricity companies a price advantage for sales here.
“If Texas gives us electricity more cheaply, I would buy it,” says Mexico City resident Jose Aviña, in Spanish.
However, President Donald Trump’s stance on Mexico concerns people in energy from consumer to producer to Mexico’s energy regulators. Jose Maria Lujambio is an attorney who works with U.S. electricity companies looking to enter the Mexican market.
“It’s easier to build transmission lines without walls,” he says, adding that he is skeptical an expanded border will become a reality. But he says he had other fears.”Even more than the physical wall, the political wall. The economic interests at stake are very big.”